Table 2.
Pharmacological studies using different methodologies of inhalation cough challenge with capsaicin as a tussigenic agent.
| Author | Delivery system | MMD | Output (O) or volume (V) | Inh type | Dose or concentration | Recording method | Normal values | Agent tested | Number tested |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Midgren et al. [36, 68] | Neb | 3.0 µm | 0.5 ml min−1 (O) | 1 min | 0–50.0 µm | 1 min | D2 0.016–10 µm | Lignocaine+ adrenaline [68] | 26 |
| Hargreaves et al. [74] | Neb + d-meter | 3.5–4.0 µm | 0.02 ml (V) | S-breath | 0.4–12.5 nmol | – | Geomean D2–2.1 nmol | Sodium cromoglycate | 10 |
| D5–3.9 nmol | |||||||||
| Choudry et al. [67, 95, 102] | Neb + d-meter | 3.5–4.0 µm | 0.002 ml (V) [67, 102] | S-breath | 0.4–100.0 nmol [67] 1.95–500.0 µm [95] | 1 min [102] | Log C2 1.04 µm Log C5 1.81 µm [95] | Lignocaine+ dyclonine [67] PGE2, bradykinin [102] | 10 [67] 6 [102] |
| Hansson et al. [68, 75] | Neb + d-meter | 3.0 µm | 0.5 ml min−1 (O) | S-breath | 0.4–50.0 nmol | 1 min | Geomean D2–3.2 nmol D5–17.7 nmol | Nedocromil sodium [75] Lignocaine+ adrenaline [68] | 6 [75] 10 [68] |
| Hutchings & Eccles [19] | Neb + d-meter | 2.5 µm (MMAD) | – | S-breath | 0–3.33 × 10−4m | 30 s | 12 coughs (baseline) | Codeine Natrolexone | 80 |
| Yeo et al. [73] | Neb | 3.5–4.0 µm | – | S-breath | 0.05–3.2 nmol | 1 min | – | ACEI | 8 |
| Dicpinigaitis et al. | Neb + d-meter | 3.5–4.0 µm | 1.007 ml min−1 (O) | S-breath | 0.98–1000 µmol l−1 | 1 min | Log C5 1.02 µm (F) | Baclofen [77] Zafirlukast | 20 [77] 16 [80] |
| [48, 77, 79, 80] | 0.02 ml (V) | 1.41 µm (M) [48] | [79, 80] | ||||||
| Fujimura et al. [42, 43, 60, 89] | Neb | 3.6 µm | 0.21 ml min−1 (O) | 15 s | 0.49–1000 µm | 1-min | D5 Geomean 8.22 µm (F) | Procaterol [43] Indomethacin [42] | 35 [43] 28 [42] |
| 45.0 µm (M) [89] 20.6 µm [42] | Mexiletine [60] |
Abbreviations: See Table 1.