TABLE II.
Parental Sex Effects on Anticipation in Schizophrenia
| Median AAO (years) | Sample I: Affected parents
|
Sample II: unaffected parents all niece/nephews
|
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All offspring
|
Subgroup analyses
|
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| Early AAO parents (≤34 years)
|
Very early onset offspring (≤21 years)
|
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| Paternal (n = 39) | Maternal (n = 88) | Paternal (n = 7) | Maternal (n = 24) | Paternal (n = 15) | Maternal (n = 24) | Paternal (n = 37) | Maternal (n = 55) | |
| Parental generationa | 41 | 39 | 29 | 31 | 40b | 35 | 35 | 32 |
| Offspring generationa | 23 | 25 | 23 | 23.5 | 19 | 18.5 | 25 | 24 |
| Anticipationc | 18* | 14* | 6*** | 6** | 22* | 17* | 9* | 7* |
| Paternal vs. maternal difference in anticipationd | Z = 1.93 (P = 0.05) | Z = 0.50 (P = 0.62) | Z = 2.50 (P = 0.01) | Z = 0.90 (P = 0.37) | ||||
a
No significant differences found between paternal and maternal AAO for both the parental and offspring generations (Wilcoxon two-sample statistic), except as indicated in next footnote.
b
Z = 2.88 (P = 0.004).
c
Median years of anticipation. The corresponding Wilcoxon matched-pairs sign-rank statistic, showing significance level of difference in median AAO from 0 (null hypothesis), is indicated in the next three footnotes.
d
Wilcoxon two-sample Z-statistic showing significance of difference in anticipation between paternal and maternal transmission.
*
P = 0.0001.
**
P = 0.0335.
***
P = 0.50.