Table 2. Participant characteristics according to the quartile of grip strength for each gender (n=2,982).
| Handgrip strength | p-value for trend | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | ||
| Males (n=1,366) | |||||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 74.4±6.0 | 72.2±5.2 | 71.0±4.9 | 69.4±4.0 | *** |
| ADL score (mean ± SD) | 0.34±1.3 | 0.07±0.5 | 0.05±0.5 | 0.02±0.3 | *** |
| Chronic disease (two or more, %) | 16.7 | 13.4 | 12.4 | 9.3 | * |
| Physical activity (≥150 min/week, %) | 19.1 | 27.1 | 35.9 | 40.2 | *** |
| K-MMSE (mean ± SD) | 22.6±5.2 | 24.7±4.5 | 25.6±3.5 | 26.2±3.5 | *** |
| MCI (K-MMSE <24, %) | 48.7 | 28.8 | 18.9 | 15.5 | *** |
| Females (n=1,616) | |||||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 75.6±6.7 | 73.5±6.2 | 71.3±5.1 | 69.9±4.5 | *** |
| ADL score (mean ± SD) | 0.23±0.87 | 0.16±0.78 | 0.07±0.52 | 0.04±0.30 | *** |
| Chronic disease (two or more, %) | 17.9 | 20.1 | 16.2 | 14.4 | |
| Physical activity (≥150 min/week, %) | 12.5 | 21.4 | 22.9 | 24.0 | *** |
| K-MMSE (mean ± SD) | 18.3±6.6 | 21.0±5.7 | 22.5±5.4 | 23.2±5.5 | *** |
| MCI (K-MMSE <24, %) | 74.9 | 61.8 | 48.5 | 44.4 | *** |
Values are means ± SD or percentage. ADL: activities of daily living; K-MMSE: Korea-Mini Mental Status Evaluation; MCI: mild cognitive impairment. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001